Health Care Utilization Free Essays

According to â€Å"Keeping America Healthy† (2013), â€Å"Medicaid provides coverage for individuals according to poverty guidelines who are unable to afford health care insurance because of limited income† (Eligibility). John Q. Qualifies for Medicaid but lives in a rural community with no public transportation to travel to access his benefits due to provider office hours and the distance he must travel to the location. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Care Utilization or any similar topic only for you Order Now John does own have a car. John is predisposed to heart disease through heredity and has been diagnosed with high blood pressure. According to â€Å"What Is High Blood Pressure? 2011),† blood pressure is when blood is forced against the artery walls to disperse oxygen and turbines carried in the blood to the body. Blood pressure is measured by two numbers; Systolic the top number or the higher of the two is measured when the heart beats pushing the blood against the walls of the arteries. Diastolic is the measure when the heart is at rest between beats. The normal measure for normal is 120/80. Persons with a measuring of 140/90 or higher is a person with High Blood Pressure or HIP† (What happens in the body when blood pressure is high? ). HIP can lead to Hypertensive heart disease (â€Å"Hypertensive Heart Disease†, 2013). Regular doctor visits and prescribed medications to control blood pressure can offset the nest of Hypertensive Heart disease in patients with high blood pressure. Regular physician visits are required to keep check on John’s condition (â€Å"What Is High Blood pressure? † 2011). The problems with health care utilization for John is that he lives in a rural community with limited providers, the distance of travel to reach locations, time needed to schedule appointments, and office hours of the available physician locations will not provide him with reasonable access. Many Medicaid participants are faced with this same set of problems and have to adjust their lives to gain access o healthcare. Medicaid programs have benefits available to help participants conquer many obstacles. Patients need to inquire and learn what benefits are available to help. Utilizing social programs available in the community, and accessing information on Medicaid websites help to inform members of what is available for help. Medicaid programs have established grants for rural health clinics; John needs to find out if a clinic exits in his area. These clinics provide information about benefits and do health screenings. The clinic can be a place where John can go to get blood erasure checks to make sure he is in target range regularly without having to travel too physician’s location for blood pressure checks. Rural health clinics provide education to patients and can issue devices such as blood pressure monitoring equipment and train patients to utilize self-check methods between physician visits. Government medical programs do provide for education and training to use medical devices like blood pressure monitors used at home for patient self-monitoring. Missing time from work can be a problem. Most employers have paid time off that employees can access and schedule for personal situations. John can have his physician provide documentation of his appointments to submit to his employer and arrangements can be made for an adjustment in hours or to come into work on additional days if possible. Other options to John may be to use vacation time or sick time to cover missed time at work when he has to visit the doctor. According to â€Å"Medicaid. Ova; Keeping America Healthy† (2013), â€Å"Medicaid benefits cover inpatient hospital care, outpatient hospital services, and rural clinic services. These services give John comprehensive coverage to help with chronic illnesses like high loot pressure. He also has available prescription coverage for medications to help manage his blood pressure. Preventive services and diagnostic screenings are available for early detection and prevention† (Benefits). Medicaid and Medicare also pa ys for transportation to and from medical appointments for patients covered through the government programs. John can research and locate Passport certified transportation providers in his area to reach his medical provider of choice. The Affordable Health Care Act of 2010 gave states the option to expand Medicaid in their states with federal funding. It also provides more insurance options for lower income residents to other insurance plans that may be more accessible for member access to services and providers. Starting in 2014 the act also makes John eligible for insurance through other carriers even though he has a preexisting illness (â€Å"Gpo. Ova†, 2010). John may need to make lifestyle changes to accommodate his illness. Eating a healthy diet and reducing sodium intake would be the first changes to make. John’s diet should consist of heart healthy foods, like Broccoli and other dark green vegetables. By exercising and keeping weight under control at an ideal weight or his height and age he will decrease the chances of heart problems and promote self-healing by keeping blood pressure numbers from getting higher increasing risk of other related illnesses. John and many Americans face the dilemma of access to quality healthcare. John has a chronic illness that may lead to other related illnesses and continuous access to healthcare is crucial to his remaining healthy and productive enough to continue working. The government provides financial coverage because of his eligibility status as beneath poverty level income. Although he has uncial assistance, he still has problems with appointment times and transportation. These obstacles are mutable, but his illness is a predisposed health condition that is immutable. Educating himself in what is covered by government assisted health plans and obtaining the needed medical care access would help John’s situation. He must also be responsible for his own well-being. Adapting his life, eating healthy, and exercising will not only deter worse health but also improve his high blood pressure. How to cite Health Care Utilization, Papers

Economics for Business Modeling Global Wine

Question: Describe about the Economics for Business for Modeling Global Wine. Answer: Introduction This study has been aimed to identify the concept of economics for business. In this context, this study has tried to highlight five different concepts under the shade of Australian background. Therefore, firstly, this study has focused to the rate of GDP of Australia. In addition, the rate of GDP of last 2 to5 years of Australia has been discussed. The influential factors, which influence the rate of Australian GDP have also been discussed in this section. On the other hand, this study is also helpful to estimate the unemployment rate of Australia. This unemployment rate is also highlighted the economic position and the growth of Australia. The issues and the governmental policy of Australia regarding the unemployment rate have been mentioned. Moreover, this study is beneficial to understand the unemployment rate of different states of Australia and this is assumed to be helpful to understand the economic position of these states within the country (Anderson Wittwer, 2013). On the other hand, this essay is helpful to measure the inflation rate of Australia. In this purpose, this study has tried to establish the inflation rate of Germany, UK, USA, China, India, Japan, Korea, Indonesia in order to compare the economic position and the growth of these countries as well as Australia. In this connection, the causes of inflation within the countries have been also mentioned. Next, this study has aimed to the Australias monetary policy during last 5 years. Lastly, this study has tried to demonstrate the economic growth of Australia and also discuss the economic growth of other developing country such as China in order to develop the comparison. In this occasion, this study has tried to identify the effects of this economic position on the society (Arnone Romelli, 2013). Comparison of Australian GDP with other economy from 2011 to 2015 and the factors, which affect the Australian GDP This section is helpful to estimate the Australian GDP rate with the other economy such as Chinas GDP rate has been discussed. In this connection, this study has tried to accumulate last 5 years GDP rate for both Australia and for China. According to Board (2012), the GDP rate of Australia has been rising with the increase of time. This rate has been increasing significantly from the year of 2011 to the year of 2012. After that, the GDP rate has been decreasing over time. In addition, it can be observed that the GDP rate was the highest in the year of 2012 and the rate was 3.63%. On the contrary, this rate was lowest in the year of 2015 and the rate was 2.26%. Australia's GDP rate of last 5 years Year GDP rate (in %) 2011 2.38 2012 3.63 2013 2.44 2014 2.5 2015 2.26 In case of Chinas GDP rate, it can be observed that this rate has been decreasing with the rise in time, more specifically from the year of 2011 to 2015. In 2011, the rate was 9.48% and at the end of the 2015, this GDP rate was 6.9%. The following table has developed the last five years GDP rate of China. Year GDP rate (in %) 2011 9.48 2012 7.75 2013 7.68 2014 7.27 2015 6.9 Comparing the GDP rates of last five years of two mentioned countries, (Eichengreen, Park Shin (2013) mentioned that Australias GDP rate was lower compared to China. Although the GDP rate has been decreasing over time in case of both the countries, China is at better position compared to Australia. On the other hand, as per the statement of Butlin (2013), Australias average GDP rate is 3.2% based on the average of 25 years. In this concern, it can be assumed that aggregate demand of a country has made an impact on the countrys GDP rate. In this connection, it can be stated that lower rate of interest rate reflects to borrow at cheaper rate. Therefore, due to this reason GDP growth rate of Australia has been decreasing. On the other hand, the price of the houses in Australia has been increasing with the rise in time; hence, it leads to make a direct wealth effect. On the contrary, the real wages of the individual has been decreasing in Australia, therefore, the real income also decreased. As a result, the GDP rate has been falling. Moreover, Cecchetti Kharroubi (2012) opined that inventories have been significantly stock, which they have been produced, however, these stocks have not sold. Since, the past five years, these inventories lead to reduce the GDP growth rate of Austra lia. The growth rate of mining gross valuation has been rising within the country, the GDP rate has been seasonally decreasing. Again, in case of Australian dollar evaluation, the export of the goods and the services become costlier whereas rate of imports are getting cheaper. Therefore, this would reflect the fall in the demand of the Australian goods and the services. This appreciation would leads to the inflation rate and the GDP rate has been decreased. Discuss the unemployment rate, types, issues and the governmental policy of Australia From the above analysis, it can be observed that the rate of GDP has been decreasing in Australia with the rise in time from 2011 to 2015. This also has an impact on the rate of unemployment in Australia. According to Egert (2015), it can be predicted that the rate of unemployment may be increased in Australia. In this connection, it can be found that the rate of unemployment has been increased by the rate of 5.8% as per the prediction. On the contrary, as per the Australian Bureau of Statistics, it can be observed that the monthly employment rate has been increasing. In July, 2016, the employment has been raised by 100 persons. In the month of June, the number of employment was 11800 whereas in July, the number was 11955. As a result, Eichengreen, Park Shin (2012) mentioned that if this trend has been maintained, then the economy will be at better position from the current situation. In addition, smooth trend series can be easily maintained by the volatility of the behaviour of the labour market. In addition, in order to discuss the role of Australian government for reducing the unemployment rate of Australia, the government can lowering down the rate of interest, which can enhance the aggregate demand of Australia. Therefore, the unemployment can be reduced. On the other hand, with cutting down the tax rates, the fiscal policy as well as the aggregate demand will be improved. As a result, the unemployment rate in Australia will also be decreased. Therefore, the employment will be significantly increased. According to Eichengreen, Park Shin (2013), labour market of Australia is required to flexible. Discuss the unemployment rate in different states of Australia In this section, the unemployment rates of different states of Australia have been discussed. The states are such as New South Wales, Western Australia, Tasmania, Queensland and the South Australia. In this context, it can be observed that the unemployment rate in New South Australia is 5.2% in 2016. The unemployment rate in Western Australia is 5.7%. On the other hand, the unemployment rate in Tasmania is 7.6% and in Queensland is 6.4%. Moreover, in South Australia, the rate is 6.9%. Comparing all of the unemployment rates of these states of Australia, it can be observed that the rate is lower in New South Australia and the rate is higher in Tasmania. Hence, Elsby, Hobijn Ã…Å ¾ahin (2013) cited that the wage growth rate of Tasmania has been decreased. Therefore, it can be concluded that demand for labour is lower compared to the supply of labour. More precisely, the higher unemployment rate has an immediate impact in the economy is lowering down the employment rate. As a result , the higher unemployment rate reflects the lowering down the GDP growth rate. According to Gerlach Tillmann (2012), the exchange rate will also be decreased. Compare the inflation rate of Australia with the different countries As per the current information, it can be observed that the inflation rate in Australia is 1%. On the other hand, the inflation rate in Germany is 0.4%, in UK the rate is 0.6%, in USA the rate is 0.8%, in China this rate is 1.3%, the rate in India is 6.07%, in Japan the rate is -0.4%, in Korea the rate is 0.4% and in Indonesia, the rate is 2.79%. After the observation, it can be mentioned that the inflation rate is highest in Indonesia and it is lowest in Korea and Germany among the above mentioned countries. On the contrary, Jaramillo Cottarelli (2012) argued that in the country like Japan, the inflation rate is negative. Therefore, there is a deflationary situation within the economy. In order o discuss the reason for higher inflationary rate, it can be mentioned that with the rise of the price of goods and services, the rate of inflation of an economy has been increased. On the other hand, when the demand for the products is higher but the supply is lower, then it can be stated that the inflation will be increased. This concept can be analysed with the help of the demand-pull theory. With this theory, Kilian Hicks (2013) added that this situation occurs due to the overpopulation rate. On the other hand, if the manufacturing cost of the products increase, then it can be predicted that inflation will be higher, this can be explained by the cost-push inflationary theory. As a result, the cost of the employees also increase and the monetary policy will also alter. Moreover, rise in the price reflects to increase the cost of production. Nevertheless, Kremer, Bick Nautz (2013) criticised that deflationary situation refers that lower performance of the economy. In thi s connection, it can be stated that Japan has been suffering from lower rate of growth. In addition, deflationary situation leads to the rise of the real valuation of debt. On the other hand, the disposable income of the individuals will also decrease as well. In the words of Kumar, Webber Perry (2012), higher inflation rate leads to the growth of the economy. With the rise in the price, it reflects to the higher production cost and the employment of the country. Therefore, it can be concluded that inflation can leads to boost up an economy. On the contrary, Lavoie Stockhammer (2013) argued that higher inflation rate leads to the higher interest rate within the country. This higher interest rate in turn reflects the larger burden on the amount of debt. Furthermore, higher inflation leads to the country to be uncompetitive within the global markets. The situation has occurred due to the depreciation of the currency. As a result, decrease in the exports refers the further pressure of the foreign exchange reserves in the countrys economy. In the points of Mumtaz Surico (2012), if the higher inflation rate of a country cannot be controlled, then the existing inflationary situation can be converted into the hyperinflationary situation. This is not favourable to the economy. As a result, the breakdown of the economy will be occurred. Discuss the monetary policy of Australia from 2011 to 2015 and the impact on the society As per the statement of Panizza Presbitero (2013), the monetary policy of Australia of last 5 years can be determined by the value of the cash rate. Cash rate refers the rate of interest in the overnight money market. The cash rate of the last five years can be represented with the help of the following table: Year Cash rate (in %) 2011 4.75 2012 3.5 2013 3 2014 2.5 2015 2 The above table has been depicted that the cash rate has been decreasing over time in Australia. It can be observed that the rate was higher in the year of 2011 and the rate was 4.75%. Again, the rate was lower in the year of 2015 and the rate was 2%. Therefore, it can be concluded that lowering interest rate will be helpful to expand the countrys economy. According to Pescatori, Sandri Simon (2014), monetary policy of a country can control and state that how the money can be circulated as well as the cost of borrowing of money, more specifically it is known as the rate of interest. Based on the above rate of interest, it can be observed that this rate reflects the lower borrowing rate. This in turn motivate the spending as well as the investment. In addition, this in turn reflects to enhance the aggregate demand as well as the growth of the economy. Therefore, it can be stated that this increase in the aggregate demand will improve the pressure, which arise due to the inflation. Moreover, Rapetti, Skott Razmi (2012) opined that lower rate of interest rate aim to the lower return from the saving. The lower rate of incentive of saving will focus to motivate the customers spending compared to hold money in the account. In addition, lower interest rate will reduce the repayment of the monthly mortgages. This in turn is helpful to earn higher disposable incomes. As a result, the consumer will also increase in Australia. On the other hand, lower rate of interest is beneficial to purchase assets. As a result, Anderson Wittwer (2013) mentioned that the wealth of the individual will rise effectively. Hence, rise in the wealth will encourage and improve the consumer spending. Furthermore, the lowering of interest rate has a positive impact on the society. Lower interest rate leads to the lowering down of exchange rate and this in turn aim to the Australian exports highly competitive and make the import highly costlier. Therefore, the aggregate demand will be effecti vely increased. Discuss the economic growth of Australia and compare it with the other developing country According to Arnone Romelli (2013), the growth rate of Australia in 2015 was 2.26%. In this connection, it can be stated that the developing country such as Chinas growth rate in 2015 was 6.9%. From this analysis, it can be concluded that China is at better position compared to Australia. In this context, it can be demonstrated that due to the increase in the inflation rate, the growth rate has been increased in China. Therefore, previously, it can be observed that the inflation rate in China is higher compared to Australia as Chinas rate of inflation is 1.3% and Australias rate of inflation is 1% in the year of 2015 (Weale et al., 2015). Moreover, it can be concluded that higher the rate of growth, greater will be the per capita income. As a result, the national income will be fruitfully increased. In this purpose, Board (2012) highlighted that the national income is higher in China compared to Australia. On the other hand, the labour productivity and the physical capital will be i ncreased. Hence, the socio real per capita growth within the economy will be occurred. Discuss the economic growth of the country during last 5 years and the impact on the society Australia's GDP rate of last 5 years Year GDP rate (in %) 2011 2.38 2012 3.63 2013 2.44 2014 2.5 2015 2.26 The above table shows the growth rate of last five years of Australia. It has been decreased over time. Therefore, in this purpose, this section has tried to demonstrate the effect of this growth rate in the society. Therefore, based on this outcome, Butlin (2013) mentioned that greater GDP growth rate aimed to the greater position of the economy. Nonetheless, as the growth rate of Australia has been decreasing, therefore, it can be concluded that the inflation rate of the country is not so high. Therefore, it can be stated that the countrys investment will not discourage. Therefore, this will effectively lead to the stable economy. The firms within the country will also interest to take risks and henceforth, they will invest (Shahiduzzaman Alam, 2012). On the contrary, it can be assumed that reduction in the growth rate may leads to the economy to experience the deflationary situation or the negative inflationary situation. As a result, in this case, the consumers will reluctant to spend money. In this purpose, Cecchetti Kharroubi (2012) mentioned that the future prices of the products will be lower and the deflation will be increased with the rise of time. Moreover, the amount of debt will in turn increase. The disposable income of the residents of Australia will massively decrease, which reflect to reduce the national income of the country as mentioned by Elsby, Hobijn Ã…Å ¾ahin (2013) Conclusion The overall study has been developed on the concept of economics for business. In this purpose, this study has tried to establish the last five years of GDP rate of Australia, which is helpful to identify and understand the economic performance of Australia. In addition, in his purpose, this essay is also beneficial to recognise the economic performance of China by estimating the GDP rate of last five years of this country. This study has also discussed the unemployment rate of Australia, which is 5.8% in the year of 2016. Moreover, after analysing the study, it can be stated that unemployment rate is depend upon the GDP rate of the country. On the other hand, the unemployment rates of different rates of Australia have been mentioned in his essay. Instead of this, As the GDP rate of Australia has been decreasing over time; therefore, the unemployment rate is higher in this country. After that, this study has tried to accumulate the inflation rate of Australia and made a comparison wi th the other countries such as Germany, UK, USA, Japan, Korea etc. In this connection, several governmental policy and the advantage of inflationary situation has been discussed. Lastly, this study is seemed to be beneficial as this study also tried to highlight the cash rate of last 5 years of Australia has been evaluated, which are necessary to identify the monetary policy of the country. References Anderson, K., Wittwer, G. (2013). Modeling global wine markets to 2018: Exchange rates, taste changes, and China's import growth.Journal of Wine Economics,8(02), 131-158. Arnone, M., Romelli, D. (2013). Dynamic central bank independence indices and inflation rate: A new empirical exploration.Journal of Financial Stability,9(3), 385-398. Board, A. S. I. (2012).Social inclusion in Australia: How Australia is faring. Canberra: Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet. Butlin, N. G. (2013).Investment in Australian economic development, 1861-1900. Cambridge University Press. Cecchetti, S. G., Kharroubi, E. (2012). Reassessing the impact of finance on growth. Egert, B. (2015). Public debt, economic growth and nonlinear effects: myth or reality?.Journal of Macroeconomics,43, 226-238. Eichengreen, B., Park, D., Shin, K. (2012). When Fast-Growing Economies Slow Down: International Evidence and Implications for China.Asian Economic Papers,11(1), 42-87. Eichengreen, B., Park, D., Shin, K. (2013).Growth slowdowns redux: New evidence on the middle-income trap(No. w18673). National bureau of economic research. Elsby, M. W., Hobijn, B., Ã…Å ¾ahin, A. (2013). Unemployment dynamics in the OECD.Review of Economics and Statistics,95(2), 530-548. Gerlach, S., Tillmann, P. (2012). Inflation targeting and inflation persistence in AsiaPacific.Journal of Asian Economics,23(4), 360-373. Jaramillo, L., Cottarelli, M. C. (2012).Walking hand in hand: fiscal policy and growth in advanced economies(No. 12-137). International Monetary Fund. Kilian, L., Hicks, B. (2013). Did unexpectedly strong economic growth cause the oil price shock of 20032008?.Journal of Forecasting,32(5), 385-394. Kremer, S., Bick, A., Nautz, D. (2013). Inflation and growth: new evidence from a dynamic panel threshold analysis.Empirical Economics,44(2), 861-878. Kumar, S., Webber, D. J., Perry, G. (2012). Real wages, inflation and labour productivity in Australia.Applied Economics,44(23), 2945-2954. Lavoie, M., Stockhammer, E. (Eds.). (2013).Wage-led Growth: An equitable strategy for economic recovery. Springer. Mumtaz, H., Surico, P. (2012). Evolving international inflation dynamics: world and countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ specific factors.Journal of the European Economic Association,10(4), 716-734. Panizza, U., Presbitero, A. F. (2013). Public debt and economic growth in advanced economies: A survey.Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics,149(2), 175-204. Pescatori, A., Sandri, D., Simon, J. (2014).Debt and growth: is there a magic threshold?(No. 14-34). International Monetary Fund. Rapetti, M., Skott, P., Razmi, A. (2012). The real exchange rate and economic growth: are developing countries different?.International Review of Applied Economics,26(6), 735-753. Shahiduzzaman, M., Alam, K. (2012). Cointegration and causal relationships between energy consumption and output: Assessing the evidence from Australia.Energy Economics,34(6), 2182-2188. Svensson, L. E. (2015). The possible unemployment cost of average inflation below a credible target.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,7(1), 258-296. Szirmai, A. (2012). Industrialisation as an engine of growth in developing countries, 19502005.Structural Change and Economic Dynamics,23(4), 406-420. Weale, M., Blake, A., Christodoulakis, N., Meade, J. E., Vines, D. (2015).Macroeconomic Policy: inflation, wealth and the exchange rate(Vol. 8). Routledge. Willard, L. B. (2012). Does inflation targeting matter? A reassessment.Applied Economics,44(17), 2231-2244.

Vincent Romano Essays (952 words) - Rhetoric, Neurotrauma, Medicine

Vincent Romano Dr. Myers English 1301.4033 March 27, 2017 Concussions in Football Playing football is a childhood dream for many kids as they are growing up. Football is a great way to compete, make new friends, and even pay for a free college education by receiving a full ride scholarship. Sometimes, for very few, football can be a career. As a child, most of the time, safety is the last thing on the mind. In the Public Service Announcement (PSA)"Concussion Awareness - HOSA Public Service Announcement" by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there were successful presentations of both ethos and logos, but there could have been a better use of pathos to strengthen the emotional response. A logos appeal is clearly presented in the second scenario when the coach makes it apparent that logically, if a player shows signs of a concussion, the coach needs to follow the concussion protocol to prevent further damage. Ethos is successfully used in the PSA announcement by showing a credible coach to relay the message in this scenario. Pathos, an emotionally ch arged appeal, was not demonstrated as much as the other approaches and could have been enhanced by more quickly engaging the audience. The first major reason the PSA on concussion awareness was logically apparent is by the use of a logos appeal. A male narrator details the effects in a way that when a player shows signs of a concussion, the coach needs to follow the concussion protocol to prevent further damage. The narrator makes it understood that following the concussion protocol is extremely important because if a concussion has occurred and the correct protocol is not followed, it could have a big impact on the athlete's career and quality of life. Though the PSA provided logical information about concussions in football, a possible way to strengthen it would be to refer to progress researchers are making in brain concussion examinations. Another successful appeal in the PSA on concussion awareness was the use of ethos. The ethos is the credibility the reader can assume from the information provided. In the first scenario, at the :10 mark, after the coach sends the player back into the game when the player clearly shows signs of a concussion, across the screen in big, red, bold letters that states, "REALLY COACH?" ("Concussion Awareness"). The ethical idea that can be taken away from the message is that the coach needs to be a responsible leader and make the right and credible decision. The ethical information provided during the thirty-two-second-long PSA was effective because it suggests in the second scenario, at the :19 mark, an alternate solution. The coach identifies the concussion symptom the player is displaying and then makes him sit out of the game and be looked at by the team trainer ("Concussion Awareness"). In contrast, the PSA on concussion awareness emotional or pathos appeal seemed to be lacking compared to ethos and logos. It is not until the halfway point, :16 mark, that the male narrator begins to express his message ("Concussion Awareness"). The narrator begins to talk and direct his message towards coaches. The narrator's voice is in a calm, low tone, as if he is having a normal conversation on a topic that is not a serious matter. The pathos appeal in the narrator's message could have been enhanced and more heartfelt if the narrator were displaying more passion and sympathy in his voice to grab more of an emotional response from the audience. The greatest impact the PSA on concussion awareness made relating to the pathos appeal comes in the opening scenario, at the :2 mark ("Concussion Awareness"). The PSA posits in big, bold, red capital letters, "CONCUSSION?" ("Concussion Awareness") across the top of screen. The video continues to show one player making a big hit on anoth er player. The player that gets hit falls back, and at the same time, that player's helmet comes off and soars through the air. This opening scene in the PSA best represents pathos, because as the big hit is demonstrated, the audience can see and sense the impact that just transpired as well as presume the possible consequences the fallen player will suffer from the hard blow. The pathos

Facts About Soft Coral (Octocorals)

Facts About Soft Coral (Octocorals) Soft corals refer to the organisms in the class Octocorallia, which includes gorgonians, sea fans, sea pens, sea feathers, and blue corals. These corals have a flexible, sometimes leathery, appearance. Although many resemble plants, they are actually animals. Soft corals are colonial organisms, which means they are formed of colonies of polyps. The polyps of soft corals have eight feathery tentacles, which is why they are also known as octocorals. One way to tell the difference between soft corals and hard (stony) corals is that the polyps of hard corals have six tentacles, which are not feathery. Here are some stony coral characteristics, with some of the key differences with soft corals identified: They have polyps that secrete a cup (calyx or calice) in which they live. The polyps of soft corals usually have feathery tentacles.They may harbor zooxanthellae, algae that live within coral polyps and can produce brilliant colors. Others may be colored by bright pink, blue or purple pigmentation.They may contain spikes called sclerites, which are made of calcium carbonate and protein, and are located within a jelly-like tissue called coenenchyme. This tissue lies between the polyps and contains canals called solenia, which transport fluids between the polyps. In addition to providing structure to the coral and protection from predators, the shape and orientation of the sclerites can be used to identify coral species.They have an inner core made out of a protein called gorgonin.They may have a variety of shapes, including fan-like, whip-like or feather-like, or even leathery or encrusting. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: CnidariaClass: AnthozoaSubclass: OctocoralliaOrders:Alcyonacea (the horny corals, also known as the gorgonians, sea fans and sea feathers)Helioporacea (blue corals)Pennatulacea (sea pens) Habitat and Distribution Soft corals are found worldwide, primarily in tropical or subtropical waters. Soft corals do not produce reefs but may live on them. They may also be found in the deep sea. Feeding and Diet Soft corals may feed during the night or day. They use their nematocysts (stinging cells) to sting passing plankton or other small organisms, which they pass to their mouth. Reproduction Soft corals can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction occurs by budding when a new polyp grows out of an existing polyp. Sexual reproduction occurs either when sperm and eggs are released in a mass spawning event, or by brooding, when only sperm are released, and these are captured by female polyps with eggs. Once the egg is fertilized, a larva is produced and eventually settles to the bottom. Conservation and Human Uses Soft corals may be harvested for use in aquariums. Wild soft corals may also attract tourism in the form of dive and snorkeling operations. Compounds within the tissues of soft corals may be used for medicines. Threats include human disturbance (through humans stepping on corals or dropping anchors on them), overharvesting, pollution, and habitat destruction. Examples of Soft Corals Soft coral species include: Dead Mans Fingers (Alcyonium digitatum)Sea FansSea Pens Sources and Further Reading GBR Explorer. Soft Corals. ReefED.NOAA. Coral Anatomy and Structure. NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program.Simpson, A. 2009. Reproduction in Octocorals (Subclass Octocorallia): A Review of Published Literature. Version 16 July 2009. In Deep-Sea Corals Portal.South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. Octocoral Morphology.Tan, Ria. 2008. Soft Corals. Wild Fact Sheets.Wet Web Media. The Soft Corals, Order Alcyonacea; Use In Marine Aquariums.

Macromolecules and Enzymes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Macromolecules and Enzymes - Essay Example Effect of different physical parameters including temperature, enzyme concentration and pH was determined for the enzyme tyrosinase. Phenylthiourea, an inhibitor was also used to study its effect on the eznyme. Every living thing on earth is made of carbon, and each compound containing carbon is known as organic compound. Four kinds of major organic compounds are known carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino acids joined by peptide bonds between the amino and the carboxyl group of the adjacent amino acids. The proteins can be classified according to their structure; the linear chain of amino acid is called the primary amino acid. In secondary structure there occurs a regular repeating structure that is stabilized by hydrogen bonds. In tertiary structure the stabilization occurs by salt bridges, disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds. Protein subunits combine together to form the quaternary structure. Enzymes are also an organic compound, basically a protein. â€Å"All enzymes are proteins, but all proteins are enzymes†. Enzymes are biocatalyst that speed up the rate of the reaction but do not take part in the reaction. Enzymes have active site, basically a group of amino acids that binds with the substrate, which further carry out the reaction to give a specific product. Enzymes are known for their specificity for substrates, although not all enzymes are specific. The rate of the reaction governed by enzymes is increased when the optimal conditions like temperature, pH, and substrates concentration are provided for the reaction. Two theories are known for the action of enzymes on substrates. 1. The lock and Key Mechanism and, 2) Induced fit theory. Enzymes are also inhibited by inhibitors, which can be substrate analog or any other compound that binds to the enzyme such a manner that the enzymes is unable to function. Inhibitors can be of two kinds, competitive, uncompetitive and non-competitive.

Market research Assignment Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Market Assignment - Research Paper Example Energy drinks are products that became popular in the year 2000 and their popularity kept on increasing since then. These products are really suited for those individuals who have to work at night hours or have a hectic nature of work on their shoulder. The launch of a 12 hour energy drink would be considered a market leader product in a market where the current offering is only a 5 or a 6 hour version of the energy drink. As it is considered to be newer version of the product in the existing market, it would be really beneficial if a market research is conducted to analyze whether the product will succeed in the market or not. As the company in question lacks the budget to conduct a survey or the focus group research analysis, the only option left would be to use public information on the energy drink market that would help in identifying the target markets for such an energy drink. On the basis of the information and the current buying behaviors of individuals, it seems obvious tha t the target market for a 12 hour energy drink would be the age group of 16 to 30 years old. The recent trend of advertising for the energy drinks currently focus on the young generation of such age group. This age group is can further be divided into athletes, gamers, party lovers and workaholics. Now it would be really difficult to target all these different target groups with a uniform/similar product but since the product brings an extension to the time period i.e. 12 hour version, it may be possible that it can serve all the different target groups with a uniform product i.e. similar product, packaging, etc. By identifying the target market, a segment of the market would be identified. This market segmentation would help in reduced marketing costs for the company. For a successful market segmentation and target market, proper consumer data would be analyzed with respect to the energy drinks. Using the public information, both quantitative and qualitative would be analyzed. Quan titative data would include such as age group, the age group of 16 to 30 years old would be the perfect market as far as the age group is concerned for the 12 hour Power O energy drink. The income factor would not be much of a concern as far as the target market is concerned, the prices of such energy drinks are cheap and these can be easily bought by the target age groups. As far as the qualitative data is concerned, there would be no effect based upon the education of that particular target market. The occupation of the target market may come into question with regards to the occupation. People working at night hours are deemed to be fond of energy drinks, hence a 12 hour Power O energy drinks would really help them. The only question that would really matter would be the fact that such 12 hour energy drink would have ingredients that might have negative effects on the users. Such 12 hour energy drink would have heavy amount of caffeine that can be considered to have negative and harmful effects on the users of such energy drinks. Hence at the target age range of 16-30, it could be excessively harmful and it can create legal restrictions on the sale of such energy drinks (as is the case in Norway and Iceland where under 16 sales is prohibited) because of the increased amount of caffeine

Plea Bargaining Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Plea Bargaining - Assignment Example On the part of the prosecution, the advantage is the assurance of having a conviction, albeit for a lesser crime or minimal penalty, over the possibility of the accused walking off with an acquittal. On the part of the defense, the benefit is the chance of being convicted to a lesser offense or for the same offense for a significantly lighter penalty over the possibility of a conviction on the original charge and for the maximum penalty [Premo v.  Moore (Docket No. 09-658)]. Finally, especially for high profile parties to case, a plea bargain avoids prolonged trial which means less publicity and media frenzy. It is admitted that a criminal prosecution is an action of the State and the prosecutor represents the State; nevertheless, the victim needs to be consulted in the process of plea bargaining. The victim suffered from the criminal act and will have difficulty in overcoming the trauma and in moving on if he still feels that he has never been truly vindicated with the plea bargai n deal. I agree with plea bargaining. Although it is never a perfect system, it sure does make the wheels of our criminal justice system move forward for the common good. Reference List: Jeff Premo v. Randy Joseph Moore, Docket No. 09-658. Accessed on May 26, 2011. Available at http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/09-658.pdf